What can excessive intake of protein lead to over time?

Excessive intake of protein, particularly from protein-rich foods and supplements, can lead to dehydration over time. This is primarily because the metabolism of protein requires more water than carbohydrates or fats. When protein is broken down in the body, the kidneys need to eliminate the byproducts of this process, one of which is urea. Eliminating urea through urine requires increased water intake; thus, a high protein diet can contribute to a greater risk of dehydration if fluid intake does not keep pace.

Dehydration is particularly concerning for individuals who are physically active or live in hot climates where fluid loss through sweat is higher. Failure to adequately hydrate in the context of high protein consumption can lead to various health issues, including kidney stress and reduced physical performance. Therefore, understanding the hydration needs associated with different macronutrient intakes is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being.