How do antioxidants impact health?

Antioxidants play a crucial role in maintaining health primarily by neutralizing harmful free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells, proteins, and DNA by stealing electrons in a process called oxidation. This oxidative damage is linked to various chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.

By donating electrons to free radicals, antioxidants effectively stabilize these harmful molecules, preventing them from causing damage. This protective mechanism is vital in safeguarding cellular function and overall health. Many antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium, are found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, contributing to the preventive aspects of a healthy diet.

The other options do not accurately represent the role of antioxidants. While reducing stress levels may be a positive health outcome, it is not the primary function of antioxidants. Promoting cell damage contradicts the protective nature of antioxidants, and increasing cholesterol levels does not relate to their function as they do not have a direct impact on cholesterol.